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Parallel Quadtree Coding of Large-Scale Raster Geospatial Data on GPGPUs

Jianting Zhang, Simin You, Le Gruenwald
Dept. of Computer Science, City College of New York, New York City, NY, 10031
Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2011), 2011

@article{zhang2011parallel,

   title={Parallel Quadtree Coding of Large-Scale Raster Geospatial Data on GPGPUs},

   author={Zhang, J. and You, S. and Gruenwald, L.},

   year={2011}

}

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Global remote sensing and large-scale environmental modeling have generated huge amounts of raster geospatial data. While the inherent data parallelism of large-scale raster geospatial data allows straightforward coarse-grained parallelization at the chunk level on CPUs, it is largely unclear how to effectively exploit such data parallelism on massively parallel General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) that require fine-grained parallelization. In this study, we have developed an efficient spatial data structure called BQ-Tree to code raster geospatial data by exploiting the uniform distributions of quadrants of bitmaps at the bitplanes of a raster. A fine-grained parallelization scheme has been implemented using Nvidia CUDA. Experiments show that the GPGPU implementation is capable of decoding a BQ-Tree encoded 16-bits NASA MODIS geospatial raster with 22,658*15,586 cells in 190 milliseconds, i.e., 1.86 billion cells per second, on an Nvidia C2050 GPU card. The performance achieves a 5.9X speedup when compared with the best dual quadcore CPU implementation and a 36.9X speedup compared with a highly optimized single core CPU implementation.
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