16802

Programming

Adam Betts, Nathan Chong, Pantazis Deligiannis, Alastair F. Donaldson, Jeroen Ketema
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Ahmad Lashgar, Amirali Baniasadi
Kazuhiro Yamato
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Availability of OpenCL for FPGAs has raised new questions about the efficiency of massive thread-level parallelism on FPGAs. The general trend is toward creating deep pipelining and in-order execution of many OpenCL threads across a shared data-path. While this can be a very effective approach for regular kernels, its efficiency significantly diminishes for irregular kernels with runtime-dependent control flow. We need to look for new approaches to improve execution efficiency of FPGAs when targeting irregular OpenCL kernels. This paper proposes a novel solution, called Hardware Thread Reordering (HTR), to boost the throughput of the FPGAs when executing irregular kernels possessing non-deterministic runtime control flow. The key insight of HRT is out-of-order OpenCL thread execution over a shared data-path to achieve significantly higher throughput. The thread reordering is performed at a basic-block level granularity. The synthesized basic-blocks are extended with independent pipeline control signals and context registers to bypass the live values of reordered threads. We demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed solution on three parallel irregular kernels. For the experiments, we utilize the LegUp tool to compare the baseline (in-order) data-path with HTR-enhanced data-path. Our RTL simulation results demonstrate that HTR-enhanced data-path achieves up to 11X increase in kernels throughput at a very low overhead (less than 2X increase in FPGA resources).

Pedro Miguel Marques Pereira
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S. J. Pennycook, J. D. Sewall, V. W. Lee
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Manas Mahapatra
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Matthew W. Moskewicz, Ali Jannesari, Kurt Keutzer
Mudit Bhatnagar
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Shunsuke Tatsumi, Masanori Hariyama, Norikazu Ikoma
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Richard Membarth, Oliver Reiche, Frank Hannig, Jurgen Teich, Mario Korner, Wieland Eckert
Amir Momeni, Hamed Tabkhi, Gunar Schirner, David Kaeli
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